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Elsevier

Libros en Artes y Humanidades

  • Social Structure and Behavior

    Essays in Honor of William Hamilton Sewell
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert M. Hauser + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Social Structure and Behavior: Essays in Honor of William Hamilton Sewell is a collection of 16 essays dealing with the social psychological aspects of schooling and achievement, social stratification and mobility, measurements and methods, and social structures and wellbeing. The collection discusses the political dimension of stratification, the results of observation of first-graders in their reading group assignments against their social background, and stereotyping practices held by dominant groups of society. Anther papers use a causal model to analyze occupational status and earnings of Cuban exiles in the U.S.; other authors discuss the effects of institutionalization of formal employment in Brazil, and propose a revision of the Duncan Scale by a more comprehensive set of occupational prestige scale. The book also analyzes measurements of ranked preferences using a single latent factor behind the ranked items. One authors points that some sociological terms can be misleading in propounding a sound theory when these terms themselves confound what they are supposed to correlate. The text also addresses the fundamental problems concerning welfare that include order, collective action, and consensus. This collection of essays can interest social workers, sociologists, psychologists, and researchers involved in community development.

  • Aging and Milieu

    Environmental Perspectives on Growing Old
    • 1 Edición
    • Graham D. Rowles + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Aging and Milieu: Environmental Perspectives on Growing Old is a collection of essays that presents insight into the area of aging-environment research. The book focuses primarily on the physical, phenomenological, cultural, social, and clinical environmental context of an old person. Part I explores alternative conceptions of aging and milieu. The second part discusses the old-person-environme... transaction. Part III covers the social context of milieu or the notion of how social relationships mediate and condition the symbiotic relationships between the old person and the physical environment. Gerontologists, sociologists, psychologists, architects, and urban planners will find this book interesting.

  • On Life and Sex

    Essays of Love & Virtue
    • 1 Edición
    • Havelock Ellis
    • Inglés
    On Life and Sex: Essays of Love and Virtue discusses the fundamental principles and practical application of love and virtue. This book contains two volume encompassing 16 chapters. The first volume deals first with the role of parents and grandparents in educating the children concerning love, sex, marriage, and virtues. This part also highlights marriage, the roles of husband and wife, and the play-function of sex. The second volume tackles topics such as family, taboos, obscenity, eugenics, and population control.

  • Toward a Consensus on Military Service

    Report of the Atlantic Council's Working Group on Military Service
    • 1 Edición
    • Andrew J. Goodpaster + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Toward a Consensus on Military Service: Report of the Atlantic Council's Working Group on Military Service examines the experience and prospects of the U.S. peacetime military volunteer force. It presents a Policy Paper that offers a broad range of recommendations designed both to strengthen that force and to prepare the way, should circumstances require it, for a resumption of compulsory military service. The book begins by providing a geopolitical backdrop for the issues of U.S. military service examined in subsequent chapters. It analyzes basic U.S. national interests, Soviet power and policy, and East-West relations. This is followed by separate chapters on the antecedents of force-manning in the U.S.; current and evolving concepts of U.S. security requirements; the all-volunteer force; and military manpower policies. Subsequent chapters examine long-term military manpower trends and criteria for a peacetime military force; compulsory service options; and social and ethical issues that have colored the historical American debate over how the nation should raise its armed forces in peacetime.

  • Social Policy and Sociology

    • 1 Edición
    • N. J. Demerath + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Social Policy and Sociology explores the relationship between social policy and sociology and covers topics such as social inequities and individual stress in the family cycle. America's youth and their problems are also given attention, along with the relationship between graduate training and federal funding. Comprised of 24 chapters, this book begins with an assessment of the proper relationship between sociology and public policy, and whether sociologists should become actively engaged in social engineering. Methods of training graduate students for doing policy research are also discussed. Subsequent chapters explore community planning and poverty; policy implications of race relations; formal models as a guide to social policy; and the interrelationships between governmental policy, social structure, and public values. Social problems such as alcoholism and drug addiction are also considered, together with the changing relationship between government support and graduate training. Finally, the what and why of policy research in sociology are examined, and possible changes in graduate training and professional practice in sociology are evaluated. This monograph will be of interest to sociologists as well as social and public policymakers.

  • Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior

    An Applied Perspective
    • 2 Edición
    • Andrew J. DuBrin
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior: An Applied Perspective, Second Edition examines the behavior of people in organizations. Topics covered range from political maneuvering in organizations (office politics) to the stresses facing people in managerial and professional positions. A conceptual framework for organizational behavior is presented, along with numerous case illustrations and examples from live organizational settings. This monograph consists of 14 chapters and opens with an introduction to organizational behavior and how it is influenced by principles of human behavior. The three main subareas or schools of management thought are discussed, together with the difference between knowledge work and non-knowledge work; how research and theory contribute to an understanding of organizational behavior; and the distinction between structure and process. The following chapters explore how the meaning of work relates to work motivation, as well as the link between work motivation and job performance; behavioral aspects of decision making; stresses in managerial and professional life; and political maneuvering in organizations. Small group behavior, leadership styles, and interpersonal communications are also considered, along with intergroup conflict and organizational effectiveness. This book will be of interest to students, managers, and staff specialists, as well as behavioral scientists and management theorists.

  • Work and the Family

    A Study in Social Demography
    • 1 Edición
    • Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer
    • Inglés
    Work and the Family: A Study in Social Demography reports on the investigation of a variety of economic squeezes hypothesized to be characteristic of postwar American society. One is the lower white-collar squeeze where the attainment of white-collar lifestyle aspirations may be impeded by an income equivalent to that of many manual workers. The others are the two life-cycle squeezes: the squeeze of early adulthood when the desire to set up a household is hampered by the relatively low earnings of young men; and the squeeze of middle adulthood when the cost of children is peaking but increases in the earnings of husbands may be slowing down with regard to those squeezes. The book is organized into four parts. Part I introduces the theoretical model to be used and the major objectives of the research. It also discusses important conceptual and methodological problems involved in life-cycle analysis and the use of occupation as a major analytical tool. Part II examines life-cycle squeezes—structured sources of economic stress arising out of the interaction of family and career cycles. Part III examines the nature of wives' socioeconomic contribution to the family. Part IV essentially sums up the theoretical implications of the analyses conducted in the preceding chapters and represents a more formal theoretical statement of the issues in terms of adaptive family strategies. This study is aimed at the wide audience of demographers, sociologists, economists, and historians who are interested in family socio economic and demographic behavior. It is also intended to appeal to readers at all levels of methodological sophistication—wheth... professionals or graduate students.

  • A Guaranteed Annual Income

    Evidence from a Social Experiment
    • 1 Edición
    • Philip K. Robins + 2 más
    • Inglés
    A Guaranteed Annual Income: Evidence from a Social Experiment brings together the first accounting of evidence on the impact of the Seattle/Denver Income-Maintenance Experiments (SIME/DIME) on participating individuals and families. It is based on a selection of papers delivered to policymakers, program administrators, and researchers at a conference held at Orcas Island, Washington, in May 1978. The conference, sponsored by HEW and the State of Washington, represented the first effort to disseminate to a wide audience the findings emerging from early analyses. The book is divided into four parts. Part I presents a general introduction to the experimental design, results, and data. Part II presents the experimental effects on work behavior for various family members, including results on job satisfaction, the demand for childcare on the part of single mothers, and the incorporation of the labor supply results into a simulation of national welfare reform alternatives. Part III discusses the experimental effects on family behavior, including marital stability, psychological effects, and effects on the demand for children (fertility). Part IV contains five studies of how the benefits were used by the families, including effects on migration, education and training, demand for assets, and the use of subsidized housing programs.

  • Aging

    Biology and Behavior
    • 1 Edición
    • James L McGaugh + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Aging: Biology and Behavior addresses behavioral changes in aging related to biological processes, focusing on the nature of changes in brain plasticity, factors influencing life-span, and environmental and social influences on health in the elderly. This book is divided into four main topics—longevity, aging, and mortality; aging brain and behavior; cognitive and social functioning; and health. In these topics, this publication specifically discusses the longevity in primates, life-span extension, environment and biology in aging, and some economic implications of life-span extension. The neurobiological basis of age-related changes in neuronal connectivity, aging and brain plasticity, and cognitive functioning in the elderly are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the life changes and disease in elderly populations, social stress and mental disorders in the elderly, and perspective of social epidemiology. This volume is a useful source to clinicians and students examining possible social and behavioral science research perspectives on aging.

  • Time and Space Weight and Inertia

    A Chronogeometrical Introduction to Einstein's Theory
    • 1 Edición
    • A. D. Fokker
    • D. ter Haar
    • Inglés
    Time and Space Weight and Inertia covers the relationship between time, space weight, and inertia using the principles of theory of relativity and chronogeometry. This book is composed of 12 chapters, and begins with a brief overview of the fundamental aspects of space and time within events. The subsequent chapters deal with the chronogeometry of time and space, and the concept of the Lorentz transformations and pseudo-revolutions. These topics are followed by discussions on the dynamical relationships of metric and other tensors and a presentation of the equations of the theory of electrons. The remaining chapters describe the unique value of the acceleration in free fall, geodesic coordinates carried along in free fall, and the field equations, as well as the so-called curving of light rays. This book will prove useful to physicists and mathematicians.

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