Essays in Toxicology

List Of Contributors

Preface


1. Poisons as Tools in Studying the Nervous System

I. Introduction

II. Axonic Transmission

A. The Poisons

B. The System

III. Excitatory Synaptic Transmission

A. The Poisons

B. Actions on the Receptor

C. Actions on Transmitter Synthesis and Release

D. Actions on Transmitter Destruction

IV. Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission

A. The Poisons

B. Inhibition in Vertebrates

C. Inhibition in Invertebrates

D. Inhibition: Current and Future Uses of Poisons

References


2. Teratology

I. Introduction

II. Placental Physiology

III. Research Needs

IV. Nutritional Aspects

V. Genetic Factors

VI. Drugs

VII. Infectious Diseases

VIII. Mechanistic Causes

IX. Conclusion

References


3. The Significance of Methemoglobinemia in Toxicology

I. Introduction

II. Therapeutic and Experimental Applications

A. Cyanide Poisoning

B. Sulfide Poisoning

C. Miscellaneous Toxic Anions

III. Methemoglobinemia as a Toxic Reaction

A. Hypoxic Responses of Man and Animals

B. Cause of Death in Methemoglobinemia

C. Treatment of Toxic Methemoglobinemia

IV. Pharmacology of Methylene Blue

A. Methemoglobin Formation by Methylene Blue

B. Cyanide Poisoning

C. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

D. Methylene Blue in Oxygen Lack

E. Miscellaneous Actions

V. Summary

References


4. Lead Poisoning. An Old Problem with a New Dimension

I. Introduction

II. Historical Background

III. Industrial Lead Poisoning

IV. Lead Poisoning in Infants

V. Lead Poisoning in Domesticated Animals and Wildlife

VI. Sources and Uses of Lead

VII. Tetraethyl Lead and the General Environment

VIII. Perspectives Regarding Problem-Solving

IX. Current Knowledge Bearing on Existing Problems

X. The Metabolism of Lead

A. Absorption

B. The Fate of Lead in the Body

XI. Toxic Effects of Lead

A. The Effect of Lead on the Hemopoietic System

B. Effects of Lead on the Central and Peripheral Nervous System

C. Effects of Lead on the Kidney

D. Miscellaneous Effects

XII. Lead as Related to the Incidence of Diseases

XIII. The Body Burden of Lead in the General Population

A. Estimates of Body Burden

B. Environment and the Body Burden

XIV. The Evaluation of Blood Levels

A. "Classic" Lead Poisoning

B. Lead-Related Diseases

XV. The Role of Animal Experimentation

XVI. The New Dimension

References

Author Index

Subject Index